starting from سورة الفاطر

• ayat 1 ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ فَاطِرِ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ
  • why ال cant be for عهد: because that would be a specific حمد whereas ال here can come for استغراق or جنس
  • Not all angels are messengers as is known
• ayat 2 مَّا يَفْتَحِ ٱللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ
  • الرحمة: here specifically can refer to rain or sustenance
  • Allah is العزيز in His ovepowering in his command and الحكيم in His actions.
• ayat 3 ٢ يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ ٱذْكُرُوا نِعْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ :
  • specifically people of makkah
  • what are نعمت الله عليكم them able to live in makkah and stopping of fighting there?
  • why is can غير الله be read with kasra here (riwayat of حمزة)
• ayat 4 وَإِن يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كُذِّبَتْ:
  • consolation
    • if they belied you, then same thing has happened to previous prophets, nothing new here, they went through similar trials, so so are you
  • so ترجع الامور means Allah will recompense the believers with good and disbelievers with punishment
• ayat 8 أَفَمَن زُيِّنَ لَهُۥ سُوٓءُ عَمَلِهِۦ:
  • sabab an nuzul: abu jahl
• ayat 9 وَٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَرْسَلَ ٱلرِّيَـٰحَ:
  • there are 3 التفات going on here after ارسل الرياح
    1. f فتثير (moves)
    2. f فسقناه (waters)
    3. f فاحييناه (bring to life)
  • s كذالك so same way you will be resurected
• ayat 10 مَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ ٱلْعِزَّةَ فَلِلَّهِ ٱلْعِزَّةُ جَمِيعًا ۚ:
  • the ones who did makr asayyiaat
    • sabab- the people of دار الندوة where they plotted to kill/expel
      • surat anfaal ayat 30
  • y يبور -> يهلك
• ayat 11 وَاللَّهُ خَلَقَكُم مِّن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ:
  • another proof plus ayat 9 of resurrection and Allah being sole creator and sustainer
    • ties into theme and surat title (فاطر)
• ayat 12 وَمَا يَسْتَوِى ٱلْبَحْرَانِ:
  • Allah examples seas
    • fresh and salt
      • only Allah know the exact differences and no one else could ever know
    • even though same things happen in there (fish eat and we eat fish from them, ride ships on both of them such that the tide pulls back and forth مواخر)
    • why we do all those actions on seas
      • to obtain Allahs treasures and be thankful
  • membrane of date seed
• ayat 16 إِن يَشَأْ يُذْهِبْكُمْ:
  • a من عرف نفسه فقد عرف ربه (because once you understand your own lowness and faqeerness, then you understand Allah's indepenence and height of his oneness)
• ayat 17 وَمَا ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ بِعَزِيزٍ :
  • That is not something difficult for Allah.
• ayat 18 وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرةٌ:
  • e نفس is موصوف محذوف for وازرة
• ayat 25:
  • a Definitely by disbelieving in one prophet, you have disbelieved all of them
  • a تسلية -> so have patience like they(all previous prophets) had patience.
• ayat 26:
  • a التفلت -> He is the one who brings down rain, We are the ones who bring out different fruits with different colors
    • reason for التفات <- الاخرج is a greater and more miraculous than bringing down rain and is a proof of the power of Allah.
  • a جدد -> طريقة في الجبل